Lottery is the action of determining fates or the distribution of goods or services by the casting of lots. It has a long record in human history, including several instances in the Bible. The first recorded public lottery in the West was held during the reign of Augustus Caesar to fund municipal repairs in Rome. The first European lottery to distribute prize money was held in 1466 in Bruges, Belgium. It was called the Ventura, and its purpose was to provide assistance to the poor.
During the immediate post-World War II period, states enacted lotteries believing they would help them expand their array of services without onerous taxes on middle-class and working-class citizens. They also believed that gambling is inevitable and that the state might as well capture it through a lottery rather than having people gamble illegally.
Today, many state lotteries are run by a government agency that sells tickets and awards prizes. The agency is largely independent of the legislature and executive branches. Lottery officials are often insulated from pressures to provide equitable services to the population and can make decisions in the name of boosting revenues. As a result, many lotteries are an example of policymaking that occurs piecemeal and incrementally, with little or no general overview. The result is that the public welfare is rarely taken into consideration by state officials. Instead, lottery officials are primarily motivated by the desire to create new games to increase revenues.